A recent arrival to Ontario and eastern North America. N. pronuba was likely introduced in Nova Scotia from Europe in the late 70's (it was first collected in Halifax in 1979). It has subsequently become a common species. In Europe it is considered a mild pest of flower and vegetable gardens. Identification: Hindwings are a deep yellow with one black band below the wing's edge. Forewings are dull brown/gray with black dashes near the wing tips. Wingspan: 20-60 mm. Life History: One generation per year. Hibernates as larva. Habitat and Range: At present its range is rapidly expanding. Eight years after its introduction to the continent, this underwing had become established on the east coast of North America, and been found in Montréal by 1987. It is said to favor open country and has been spotted on lawns. Host Plants: Dock, dandelion, and a variety of grasses. Flight Period: In Europe it occurs from late May to November but most often in July and August.